The DEA uses the 301 data points as decision making units (DMU). Afterwards, the results can 

be used to select the efficient (marked by *) from the inefficient ones. In Figure 28 the results of 

DEA are provided. On average, the efficient banks in the US use 74%, in Denmark 78% and in 

Germany 68% of the seven asked for e commerce technologies (i.e. the usage of online 

advertising, online sales, after sales customer service, online procurement, EDI with suppliers, 

EDI with customers, and Internet based supply chain management). The impact on business 

improvement is measured as the impact index between 2.97 (Denmark), 3.03 (Germany) and 

3.29 (US). Although efficient finance institutions in France are only using 43% of all available e 

commerce solutions, the resulting output of 2.97 is as high as in Denmark. Relatively inefficient 

banks in the sample used, as expected, less e commerce solutions, resulting in a lower rate of 

impact. 

FIGURE 28  Results of the DEA Analyses 

3.5

USA*

3

France*

Denmark*

Germany*

xedn 2.5

 In

USA

tio

Denmark

c

2

Germany

fa

France

tis

 Sae 1.5

rcemm 1

ocE 

0.5

0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Internet usage Indicator

Source: CRITO Global E Commerce Survey, 2002; unweighted sample.

The percentage of efficient banks per country, identified by the DEA method, is provided in 

Table 27. The results verify the data provided in Figure 25 to Figure 27, in which German and 

French banks are also not at the forefront with regard to the usage of e commerce technologies. 

Only 14.5% of French and 23.1% of German banks are efficient users of e commerce, gaining 

nearly as much process improvement and impact from these technologies as Danish or US banks. 

Not least due to the broad diffusion and longer history of e commerce in the two latter countries, 

these banks may gain more profits from sophisticated and mature solutions in comparison to 

German and French banks.  

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