Contents
Foreword
ii
Executive Summary
iii
I. Introduction
1
II. Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Sources and Trends
6
A.
Energy Use and Energy Trends in U.S. Buildings
9
B.
New Construction versus Renovation
11
C.
Green Buildings
12
D.
Regional Markets for Best Practices
14
E.
The Technical and Economic Potential for GHG Reductions
14
III. Market Structure and Change Mechanisms
17
A.
The Fragmented Buildings Industry
17
B.
Other Obstacles to GHG Reductions in the Building Sector
20
C.
Drivers for Low GHG Buildings: Now and in the Future
23
IV. Technology Opportunities in Major Building Subsectors
26
A.
Homes and Small Businesses
26
B.
Large Commercial and Industrial Buildings
35
+
V. Community and Urban Systems
39
A.
Estimates of GHG Reduction Potentials
40
B.
Possible Policy Instruments
41
C.
Potential Influence of Urban Form on Vehicular Travel
44
VI. Policy Options
45
A.
Regulation
45
B.
Financial Incentives
49
C.
Information and Education
51
D.
Management of Government GHG Emissions and Energy Use
53
+
E.
Research and Development
54
F.
The Potential for Reduced Emissions
58
VII. Conclusions
62
A.
Technology Opportunities in the 2005 2025 Time Frame
62
B.
Building Green And Smart in the 2050 Time Frame
64
C.
Linking Near Term Action with Long Term Potential
65
Endnotes
66
i
Towards a Climate Friendly
Built Environment
+
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